Flight control and navigation system of UAV

UAV flight control, navigation and path planning are the core components of UAV technology, and their principles and technologies involve many disciplines. The continuous development and optimization of these technologies and algorithms provide stronger support for the application and development of UAV. Their principles, techniques and related algorithms are explained below.

The basic principle of UAV flight control is to detect the flight status and environmental information of UAV through sensors and feed it back to the controller. According to the feedback information and task requirements, the controller calculates the control instructions of the UAV and sends them to the actuator. According to the control instructions of the controller, the actuator adjusts the flight attitude and speed of the UAV to realize the stable control of the UAV.

Flight control is mainly through the control system of UAV, including sensors, controllers and actuators, to maintain the stable flight of UAV, perform various flight actions and complete preset tasks. The control system obtains the attitude, position, speed and other information of the UAV through sensors, and then calculates control instructions according to these information, and controls the UAV through actuators (such as motors and steering gears). Sensors mainly include angular velocity sensors, acceleration sensors, altitude sensors, etc., which are used to detect the flight status and environmental information of unmanned aerial vehicles. The controller mainly includes flight controller, navigation controller, etc., which is used to calculate the control instructions of the UAV according to the information detected by the sensor and the task requirements. The actuator mainly includes motor, propeller, steering gear, etc., which is used to adjust the flight attitude and speed of the UAV according to the control instructions of the controller.

Flight control technology includes model-based control, fuzzy control, pattern recognition, neural network control and so on. These technologies are all aimed at enabling UAVs to better adapt to various flight environments and mission requirements.

In flight control, commonly used algorithms include PID control algorithm, fuzzy control algorithm, adaptive control algorithm and so on. These algorithms are based on the actual flight state and target state of the UAV, and realize the precise control of the UAV by constantly adjusting the control parameters.